ASWB Pass Rates Breakdown - Maryland
Sep 28
/
Jason Adkins LCSW
Before diving into numbers, a quick orientation:
In Maryland, social work licensure typically proceeds through tiers such as Licensed Bachelors Social Worker (LBSW), Licensed Graduate/Master Social Worker (LGSW / LMSW), and Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW-C).
Advancement to clinical-level practice generally requires an MSW, supervised clinical experience, and passing the ASWB Clinical exam.
Maryland’s legislature has actively examined pass rates and licensure barriers; for example, a 2023 workgroup report compared state pass‐rate performance and noted concerns about inequality and attrition.
Thus, pass rates are not just academic metrics — they represent real gatekeeping into earning potential, professional roles, and stability for social workers in Maryland.
What the ASWB / State Data Reveal
While the data you provided offer specific Maryland numbers, I will also supplement with broader ASWB pass‐rate trends (when state-level data are sparse) to frame context.
Broader ASWB Pass Rate Trends
From the ASWB’s published “Exam pass rates” summary:
For first-time test-takers in 2023, pass rates (across all states) were approximately:
• Bachelors level: ~67%
• Masters level: ~73%
• Clinical level: ~75%
The ASWB notes that pass rates are considered reliable when there are at least 200 examinees.
They also publish state/province‐by‐state outcome maps (for 2011–2021) showing that first-time and eventual pass rates vary notably by jurisdiction.
However, Maryland’s more granular pass rate data (for each licensure tier) tends to be locked in internal reports.
Maryland-Specific Observations & Patterns
From the 2023 MD workgroup report and other sources:
The workgroup’s Appendix B shows Maryland’s pass rates by exam level over several years.
Racial disparities in pass rates have been noted in Maryland: for example, for the Clinical (LCSW-C) exam in Maryland, first-time pass rates among Black candidates were about 53.4 % (versus higher rates for other groups) in certain data breakdowns.
These disparities mirror national concerns: post-2020 analyses reveal stark gaps by race, age, and educational access in pass outcomes.
Thus, it is a challenge to analyze every percentage; however, the picture is clear: Maryland stakeholders have identified that pass‐rate gaps exist (especially for historically marginalized groups) and are concerning enough to warrant legislative attention.

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What the Pass Rates Mean for Maryland Social Workers
The implications of these exam outcomes ripple through career progression, job stability, and earning capacity. Below are key dimensions to consider.
1. Entry into the Profession
For BSW graduates, passing the LBSW (or equivalent ASWB Bachelors exam) is often the first licensing hurdle. If pass rates are low or inconsistent, some graduates may face delays or even abandon pursuing licensure.
These delays can translate to lost wages, limited employment options (some agencies require at least a license), or settling for lower-paying “unlicensed” roles while studying to retake exams.
Because repeat examinees tend to have lower pass rates, multiple retakes also impose opportunity cost — taking time away from work or unpaid preparation time.
2. Professional Advancement & Mobility
To move beyond general roles into clinical, supervisory, or specialized practice, social workers usually need the MSW + passing the Clinical exam. Those who fail or delay can fall behind peers in career trajectory.
Consistent pass rates (or fluctuations thereof) affect workforce planning in agencies — hiring or promoting people who “will reliably be licensed.” Poor pass rates could discourage agencies from investing in newer staff.
For individuals, the recency of licensure may affect credential portability, inter-state transfers, or eligibility for promotions.
3. Earnings & Salary Differentials
The licensing tier one holds (or fails to obtain) materially affects income. Below is a synthesis of relevant salary data, with emphasis on Maryland where possible.
National Benchmarks via BLS and Professional Sources
The median wage for all social workers in May 2024 was $61,330 per year.
For “Social Workers, All Other” (a catchall category), the May 2023 mean wage was about $68,800 annually (≈ $33.08/hr).
Healthcare social workers (a common domain for MSW holders) had a median wage around $62,760 (from 2023 BLS data).
Social work salaries tend to rise with education: MSW-credentialed social workers typically earn significantly more than BSW-level roles.
Maryland-Specific Earnings
Licensed Clinical Social Workers (LCSWs) in Maryland reportedly earn, on average, ** ~$86,063/yr** as of mid-2025, or ~$41/hr, with typical ranges from ~$76,865 to ~$95,746.
Glassdoor reports median LCSW salaries around ~$89,581 annually in Maryland.
Indeed job postings suggest the average hourly wage for LCSWs in MD is ~$50.94/hr (which would equate to ~$105,900/year for a full-time role).
For non-clinical MSW-level social workers, the average in Maryland (2025 data) is ~$64,989 per year.
In Maryland urban areas (e.g. Baltimore), mean salaries for healthcare social workers often cluster around ~$65,880.
In the State of Maryland (public sector), an LMSW-level social worker may average ~$70,122 annually (based on internal State‐level pay scales).
Thus, across Maryland, moving from an MSW-level (nonclinical) role into a licensed clinical role can mean a salary bump of ~$20,000–$30,000 annually (or more), depending on employer, region, and specialization.
4. Risks of Non‐Licensure or Delayed Licensure
Individuals who struggle with exams may be “stuck” longer in less remunerative roles, delays in applying for promotions, or fewer options in high-demand settings (e.g. clinical mental health, private practice).
From an employer/agency perspective, low pass rates might discourage hiring at junior levels if they believe those candidates may not “clear” licensure eventually.
The growing demand for social workers (projected 6–7 % growth overall from 2024–34) means competition will intensify; those without licensure may get edged out.
5. Equity & Access Implications
The disparity in pass rates by race, age, or educational background risks reinforcing inequities in who can advance in social work careers.
In Maryland, the fact that certain groups (e.g. Black candidates) pass the Clinical exam at ~53.4 % in reported breakdowns suggests structural barriers in exam preparation or support.
If fewer from marginalized groups succeed in timely licensure, this can contribute to reduced representation in leadership, reduced cultural competence, and attrition from the field.
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Synthesis & Recommendations (for Maryland Stakeholders)
From the data and implications, here are some strategic takeaways:
Pass rates are more than academic—they gatekeep careers and income.
For many, the difference between passing on the first or second try might translate to waiting a year for a promotion, missing raises, or reduced employment options.
Close monitoring and transparency of Maryland-specific pass rates matter.
The workgroup report’s examination of pass‐rate data is a good start. But making data (by exam tier, demographic group, institution) publicly available can help educational programs, agencies, and candidates target improvements.
Bridging support and equity initiatives are essential.
Given disparities observed in Maryland and nationally, interventions like tailored remediation, cohort prep groups, mentoring, and financial support for retake candidates can help reduce dropouts and inequities.
Licensure success is tightly connected to future earnings.
A Maryland social worker who obtains clinical licensure is likely to command a substantially higher salary than one stuck in nonclinical or provisional roles — potentially $20,000–$30,000+ difference annual salary (or more depending on employer/region).
Thus, investments in exam readiness can pay for themselves quickly.
Licensure delays risk workforce losses.
In a region with growing demand for social workers, bottlenecks in passing licensure exams may push candidates out of the field, or into adjacent roles (e.g. case management, advocacy) with lower pay.
Coordination among universities, the Board of Social Work Examiners, and social service agencies is crucial.
To boost pass rates and support candidates, Maryland should consider joint efforts — e.g. embedded licensure prep in MSW curricula, interagency funding of exam support, or state grants for candidates from underrepresented groups.
Regular benchmarking against national pass data and outcomes.
Because Maryland's climate will always be embedded in the national norm (through the ASWB structure), comparing MD’s exam performance to national first-time and eventual pass rates can help identify whether state-level “gaps” are closing or widening.
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Create graphic organizers such as diagrams and concept maps that use visual symbols to represent ideas and information.
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Use different colored highlighters to make a visual association with material in textbooks (for instance, blue might signal important terms, while green might signal important dates or people).
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Pay close attention to descriptive words in texts to help you recall information (for instance, you might remember details about the “Hero” in families dealing with alcoholism because of their willingness to take on the responsibilities that the alcohol abuser no longer does-then visualize them as an actual super hero).
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Convert lecture notes into a visual format by drawing your own diagrams or by using symbols to organize material (© could signal all of the speakers remarks about cognitive behavior theory).
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Make illustrated flash cards for vocabulary words. For example, you might remember the definition of ‘folie a deux’ (which is a delusion shared by two people) by drawing two people dressed up as Elvis on one side of the flash card.
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Study in a place that is free from visual distractions.
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Type your written notes from class using different fonts, bold print, and underlining to make the most important concepts and facts visually apparent.
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When trying to remember information, close your eyes and visualize the information.
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Watch films, especially documentaries, as supplements to your reading.
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Get a partner to help you with role playing. This can be done for symptoms of a diagnosis, defense mechanisms, stages of development, ethical scenarios and much more. These serve as experiential learning tools for the kinesthetic learner.
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Kinesthetic learning can be enhanced by physically changing your surroundings to include sitting in nature or crowded spaces. Take frequent study breaks to move around or exercise.
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Get someone NOT trained in social work and demonstrate to them what you have learned. Teaching others can be the best way to learn.
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Whenever possible, try to apply what you have learned to real-life situations.
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While listening to lectures, imagine yourself moving about in some way related to the material mentioned. For instance, you might visualize yourself in the treatment session applying the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy interventions with a client who is experiencing depression or anxiety.
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Assemble charts and diagrams of your work to further coordinate your learning process.
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Concentrate more on written texts and captions than on illustrations.
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Outline chapters prior to reading them, focusing on subheadings and any terms in boldface or italics to identify the author’s major ideas.
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Write out lecture notes in complete sentences. This will help familiarize you with important concepts and facts, as well as fixing them in your memory.
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Practice your recall by listing key terms and details.
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Create flash cards containing key terms.
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When preparing for exams, try writing a summary of what material you feel confident about and what material you don’t. Then, try writing out exactly what confuses you and why. This will help identify the material you need to focus on the most, and it may even lead you to a remedy for your confusion.
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Re-write key social work terms and theories in your OWN words when taking notes and making flash cards.
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Tape lectures with the instructor’s permission to play back while studying.
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Read your flashcards/notes out loud to yourself and tape yourself reading them for playback while driving or exercising.
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